CASO

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Nombre del caso

Pohl v Pohl, 2019 ABCA 71

Referencia INCADAT

HC/E/CA 1449

Tribunal

País

Canadá - Alberta

Instancia

Tribunal de Apelaciones

Estados involucrados

Estado requirente

Estados Unidos de América

Estado requerido

Canadá - Alberta

Fallo

Fecha

21 February 2020

Estado

Definitiva

Fundamentos

Residencia habitual - art. 3 | Grave riesgo - art. 13(1)(b)

Fallo

Apelación desestimada, solicitud desestimada

Artículo(s) del Convenio considerados

3 12 13(1)(b) 26

Artículo(s) del Convenio invocados en la decisión

13(1)(b)

Otras disposiciones

International Child Abduction Act, RSA 2000, c I-4, s 3

Alberta Rules of Court, Alta Reg 124/2010

Jurisprudencia | Casos referidos

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Publicado en

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SINOPSIS

Sinopsis disponible en EN | ES

Presunto traslado ilícito de un niño de 13 años de edad - Canadiense - Padres divorciados - Los padres tienen custodia compartida y la madre es la cuidadora principal - El niño vivió en Arizona, EE. UU. hasta agosto de 2017 - Solicitud de restitución presentada ante los tribunales de Alberta, Canadá el 18 de mayo de 2018 - Solicitud desestimada - Cuestiones principales: art. 13(1)(b): regresar a Arizona sería intolerable para el niño ya que ninguno de los padres vive allí.

SUMARIO

Sumario disponible en EN | ES

Facts

The father and mother had a child in 2004 while they were married and living in Alberta, Canada. In 2007, the couple divorced. Pursuant to the divorce judgment, the parents had joint custody with the mother having primary care of the child. In 2008, the father moved to the United Kingdom.

In 2011, the mother moved to Arizona, United States of America, with the child and maternal grandmother. The father had consented to this move. The mother, child and maternal grandmother returned to Alberta in 2017.

The father has no connection to Arizona, and there is no family or any other party residing in Arizona who can care for the child.

In May 2018, the father commenced an application under the 1980 Hague Child Abduction Convention for the return of the child to Arizona. The Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta dismissed the father’s application on July 17, 2018 on the basis that returning the child to Arizona would place the child in an intolerable situation because there is no one in Arizona to look after him and the Arizona Courts have declined jurisdiction over the child. The father appeals this decision.

Ruling

Appeal dismissed and application dismissed; the child would be in an intolerable situation if returned to Arizona.

Grounds

Habitual Residence - Art. 3

The Court of Appeal dismissed the father’s argument that the chambers judge erred by not first determining the child’s habitual residence before applying the 13(1)(b) exception. The Court of Appeal stated that in this instance, the determination of habitual residence would have not affected the outcome of the case: if Alberta was the habitual residence, there would be no wrongful removal and if Arizona was the habitual residence, the article 13(1)(b) exception applies.

Grave Risk - Art. 13(1)(b)

The court emphatically approved of the chambers judge’s finding that the child would be in an intolerable situation if returned to Arizona as neither of the parents resided there, the father had no connection to Arizona and the Arizona courts had thus far declined to take jurisdiction over the dispute.

Author: Emmanuelle Jacques and Peter Cole