CASE

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Case Name

1Ob550/92, Oberster Gerichtshof

INCADAT reference

HC/E/AT 381

Court

Country

AUSTRIA

Name

Oberster Gerichtshof

Level

Superior Appellate Court

States involved

Requesting State

HUNGARY

Requested State

AUSTRIA

Decision

Date

24 April 1992

Status

Final

Grounds

Rights of Custody - Art. 3 | Grave Risk - Art. 13(1)(b)

Order

-

HC article(s) Considered

1 2 3 5 12 13(1)(b) 16

HC article(s) Relied Upon

3 13(1)(b)

Other provisions

-

Authorities | Cases referred to
OGH: 7 Ob 573/90, 5 Ob 68/82; SZ 47/64; JBI 1973,87; JBI 1991,389; MietSlg 36.842; EFSlg 44.505.

INCADAT comment

Article 12 Return Mechanism

Rights of Custody
Who may Hold Rights of Custody for Convention Purposes?

Exceptions to Return

General Issues
Limited Nature of the Exceptions

SUMMARY

Summary available in EN | FR | ES

Facts

The children, a boy and a girl, were 7 and 8 years old at the date of the alleged wrongful removal. The parents were divorced. By a provisional decision, which became final after the removal, the competent Hungarian child welfare authority had transferred custody of both children to their grandmother.

On 22 June 1991 the mother took the children from their grandmother and brought the children to the father in Austria. On 18 September the grandmother petitioned for the return of the children. On 21 November 1991 the District Court Favoriten in Vienna refused to order the return of the children finding that such a return would place them in an intolerable situation (Article 13(1)(b)).

On 3 February 1992 the Appellate Court (Landesgericht für Zivilrechtssachen Wien) allowed an appeal and ordered the return of the children. The parents appealed to the Supreme Court.

Ruling

Challenge to legality dismissed; the removal was wrongful and Article 13(1)(b) had not been proved to the standard required under the Convention.

Grounds

Rights of Custody - Art. 3

The question whether or not a person has the right of custody shall be determined in accordance with the law of the country where the child had his habitual residence. By a provisial decision which became final the competent Hungarian child welfare authority had transferred custody of both children to their grandmother. Custody proceedings had been pending before the competent Hungarian courts at the time the children had been removed.

Grave Risk - Art. 13(1)(b)

Only unusually severe endangerment of a child´s welfare precludes a child´s return. The parents who had improperly removed the children did not succeed in proving any reasons for the non-return under Article 13(1)(b) of the Convention.

INCADAT comment

Who may Hold Rights of Custody for Convention Purposes?

Preparation of INCADAT commentary in progress.

Limited Nature of the Exceptions

Preparation of INCADAT case law analysis in progress.